-40%

2PC 25MM THICK 5X120 72.56MM C.B WHEEL SPACER+10 14X1.25 BOLT FIT BMW MINI MODEL

$ 34.84

Availability: 24 in stock
  • Returns Accepted: Returns Accepted
  • Condition: New
  • Placement on Vehicle: Left
  • Return shipping will be paid by: Buyer
  • Lug Bolts Hex Size: 17mm
  • Spacer Thickness: 25mm
  • Brand: LAVA-AUTO
  • Spacer Color: Black
  • Spacer Material: Cold Forged 6061 T6 Grade Aluminum
  • Manufacturer Part Number: Does Not Apply
  • Item must be returned within: 30 Days
  • Spacer Hub Ring: Yes
  • Lug Bolts Finish: Black
  • Spacer Center Core: 72.56mm
  • Restocking Fee: No
  • Lug Bolts Material: Cold Forged Steel
  • Refund will be given as: Money back or replacement (buyer's choice)
  • Lug Bolts Shank Length: 55mm or 2.17"
  • Lug Bolts Overall Height: 79mm or 3.08"
  • Lug Bolts Overall Diameter: 23mm or 0.9"
  • Lug Bolts Seat Type: Conical Seat
  • Spacer Bolt Pattern: 5x120mm
  • Lug Bolt Thread Pitch: M14x1.25

    Description

    Product Specification:
    About Spacers
    Spacer Type: Hub Centric Spacer For Bolts Car
    Spacer Bolts Pattern: 5x120mm
    Spacer Center Bore: 72.56mm
    Spacer Thickness: 25mm
    Spacer Hub Ring: Yes
    Spacer Color: Black
    Spacer Material: Cold Forged 6061 T6 Grade Aluminum
    Quantity: 2 Pcs
    About Bolts
    Lug Type: Lug Bolts with Extended Shank
    Seat Type: Conical Seat
    Thread Pitch: M14x1.25
    Hex size: 17mm
    Overall Height: 79mm or 3.08"
    Overall Diameter: 23mm or 0.9"
    Shank Length (From Bottom of the Seat to the end the thread shaft): 55mm or 2.17"
    Color: Black
    Material: Cold Forged Steel
    Quantity: 10 Pcs
    Requirements of the Vehicle Specification
    Required Vehicle Hub Bolt Pattern: 5x120mm
    Required Vehicle Hub Center Bore: 72.56mm
    Required Vehicle Hub Thread: M14x1.25
    Required Vehicle Minimum Fender Gap: 25mm
    Requirements of the Wheel Specification
    Required Vehicle Wheel Bolt Pattern: 5x120mm
    Required Vehicle Wheel Center Bore: 72.56mm
    Required Vehicle Wheel Lug Seat Type: Conical Seat
    Required Vehicle Wheel Lug Nuts Hex: 17mm
    What You Will Receive:
    2      pcs 25mm Hub Centric Spacers
    10    pcs 17mm Hexed Black Conical Seat Lug Bolts
    Capability Chart and Important Part Note:
    Please Carefully Refer the Generation Code For Fitment, There may be multiple generations in the same year.
    Please Double Check For Fender Gap Limitation
    Make
    Model
    Generation Code
    Year Range
    Part Notes
    Bolt Pattern
    Bolt Thread
    Special Notes
    BMW
    118i
    F20/F21
    2012-2020
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    120i
    F20/F21
    2016-2020
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    125i
    F20/F21
    2011-2013
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    220i
    F22/F23
    2014-2018
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    228i
    F22/F23
    2014-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    228i xDrive
    F22/F23
    2015-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    230i
    F22/F23
    2017-2020
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    230i xDrive
    F22/F23
    2017-2020
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    235i
    F22/F23
    2014
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    318i
    F30/F31/F34
    2018
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    320i xDrive
    F30/F31/F34
    2013-2018
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    328d
    F30/F31/F34
    2014-2018
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    328d xDrive
    F30/F31/F34
    2014-2018
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    328i
    F30/F31/F34
    2011-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    328i GT xDrive
    F30/F31/F34
    2011-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    330e
    F30/F31/F34
    2016-2018
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    330i
    F30/F31/F34
    2016-2019
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    330i xDrive
    F30/F31/F34
    2017-2019
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    335i
    F30/F31/F34
    2011-2015
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    335i GT xDrive
    F30/F31/F34
    2011-2015
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    340i
    F30/F31/F34
    2016-2018
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    420i
    F32/F33/F36
    2016-2020
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    428i
    F32/F33/F36
    2014-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    428i xDrive Gran Coupe
    F32/F33/F36
    2015-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    430i
    F32/F33/F36
    2017-2020
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    430i Gran Coupe
    F32/F33/F36
    2017-2019
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    430i xDrive
    F32/F33/F36
    2017-2020
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    430i xDrive Gran Coupe
    F32/F33/F36
    2017-2020
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    435i
    F32/F33/F36
    2014-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    435i Gran Coupe
    F32/F33/F36
    2015-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    435i xDrive
    F32/F33/F36
    2014-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    435i xDrive Gran Coupe
    F32/F33/F36
    2015-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    440i
    F32/F33/F36
    2017-2020
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    440i xDrive
    F32/F33/F36
    2017-2020
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    440i xDrive Gran Coupe
    F32/F33/F36
    2017-2020
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    520i
    F07/F10/F11
    2014-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    528i
    F07/F10/F11
    2009-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    528i xDrive
    F07/F10/F11
    2009-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    530i
    F07/F10/F11
    2012-2013
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    535d xDrive
    F07/F10/F11
    2014-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    535i
    F07/F10/F11
    2009-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    535i GT
    F07/F10/F11
    2010-2017
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    535i GT xDrive
    F07/F10/F11
    2011-2017
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    535i xDrive
    F07/F10/F11
    2009-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    550i
    F07/F10/F11
    2009-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    550i GT
    F07/F10/F11
    2010-2015
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    550i GT xDrive
    F07/F10/F11
    2010-2017
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    550i xDrive
    F07/F10/F11
    2011-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    640i
    F06/F12/F13
    2012-2018
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    640i Gran Coupe
    F06/F12/F13
    2013-2018
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    640i xDrive
    F06/F12/F13
    2014-2018
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    640i xDrive Gran Coupe
    F06/F12/F13
    2014-2019
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    650ci
    F06/F12/F13
    2011
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    650i
    F06/F12/F13
    2012-2018
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    650i Gran Coupe
    F06/F12/F13
    2013-2019
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    650i xDrive
    F06/F12/F13
    2012-2018
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    650i xDrive Gran Coupe
    F06/F12/F13
    2013-2019
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    740i
    F01/F02/F03/F04
    2010-2015
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    740Ld xDrive
    F01/F02/F03/F04
    2015
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    740Li
    F01/F02/F03/F04
    2011-2015
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    740Li xDrive
    F01/F02/F03/F04
    2013-2015
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    750i
    F01/F02/F03/F04
    2008-2015
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    750i xDrive
    F01/F02/F03/F04
    2010-2015
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    750Li
    F01/F02/F03/F04
    2008-2015
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    750Li xDrive
    F01/F02/F03/F04
    2010-2015
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    760Li
    F01/F02/F03/F04
    2008-2015
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    ActiveHybrid 3
    F30/F31/F34
    2013-2015
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    ActiveHybrid 5
    F07/F10/F11
    2012-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    ActiveHybrid 7
    F01/F02/F03/F04
    2013-2015
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    Alpina B6 xDrive Gran Coupe
    F06/F12/F13
    2015-2018
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    Alpina B7
    F01/F02/F03/F04
    2011-2015
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    Alpina B7L
    F01/F02/F03/F04
    2011-2015
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    Alpina B7L xDrive
    F01/F02/F03/F04
    2011-2015
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    M135i
    F20/F21
    2013-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    M140i
    F20/F21
    2017-2019
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    M2
    F87
    2016-2020
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    M235i
    F22/F23
    2014-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    M240i
    F22/F23
    2017-2020
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    M240i xDrive
    F22/F23
    2017-2020
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    M3
    F80
    2015-2018
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    M4
    F82/F83
    2015-2020
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    M5
    F10
    2012-2017
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    M6
    F06/F12/F13
    2012-2018
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    M6 Gran Coupe
    F06/F12/F13
    2014-2019
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    X3
    F25
    2010-2017
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW
    X4
    F26
    2015-2018
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    Mini
    Cooper Countryman
    R60
    2011-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    Mini
    Cooper Paceman
    R61
    2013-2016
    Check Generation Code
    5x120mm 72.56 C.B.
    14x1.25
    Please Check Fender Gap Limitation
    BMW Generation Code Check List
    1 SERIES
    E87/E81/E82/E88
    F20/F21
    F52
    F40
    2004-2013
    2011-2017
    2017-2021
    2019-2021
    2 SERIES
    F22/F23
    F44
    2013-2021
    2020-2021
    3 SERIES
    E21
    E30
    E36
    E46
    E90/E91/E92/E93
    F30/F31/F34
    G20/G21
    1975-1983
    1982-1994
    1990-2000
    1998-2007
    2005-2013
    2011-2019
    2018-2021
    4 SERIES
    F32/F33/F36
    G22
    2013-2020
    2020-2021
    5 SERIES
    E12
    E28
    E34
    E39
    E60/E61
    F07/F10/F11
    G30/G31
    1972-1981
    1981-1988
    1988-1997
    1995-2004
    2003-2010
    2009-2017
    2016-2021
    6 SERIES
    E24
    E63/E64
    F06/F12/F13
    G32
    1976-1990
    2003-2010
    2015-2019
    2017-2021
    7 SERIES
    E32
    E38
    E65/E66/E67/E68
    F01/F02/F03/F04
    G11/G12
    1986-1994
    1994-2001
    2001-2008
    2008-2015
    2015-2021
    8 SERIES
    E31
    G14/G15/G16
    1990-1999
    2018-2021
    i3
    i3
    2013-2021
    I8
    i8
    2013-2021
    M Coupe
    E36
    1997-2003
    M Roadster
    E36
    1997-2003
    M1
    E26
    1978-1981
    M2
    F87
    2015-2021
    M3
    E30
    E36
    E46
    E90/E92/E93
    F80
    1986-1991
    1992-1999
    2000-2006
    2007-2013
    2014-2018
    M4
    F82/F83
    2014-2021
    M5
    E28
    E34
    E39
    E60/E61
    F10
    F90
    1985-1988
    1988-1995
    1998-2003
    2004-2010
    2011-2017
    2017-2021
    M6
    E63/E64
    F06/F12/R13
    2005-2010
    2012-2018
    M8
    2019-2021
    F91/F92/F93
    X1
    E84
    F48/F49
    2009-2015
    2015-2021
    X2
    F39
    2017-2021
    X3
    E83
    F25
    G01
    2003-2010
    2010-2017
    2017-2021
    X3 M
    F97
    2019-2021
    X4
    F26
    G02
    2014-2018
    2018-2021
    X4 M
    F98
    2019-2021
    X5
    E53
    E70
    F15
    G05
    1999-2006
    2006-2013
    2013-2018
    2018-2021
    X5 M
    E70
    F85
    F95
    2009-2013
    2014-2018
    2020-2021
    X6
    E71
    F16
    G06
    2008-2014
    2014-2019
    2019-2021
    X6 M
    E71
    F86
    F96
    2009-2014
    2014-2019
    2020-2021
    X7
    G07
    2018-2021
    Z3
    E36
    1995-2003
    Z4
    E85/E86
    E89
    G29
    2002-2008
    2009-2017
    2018-2021
    Z8
    E52
    2000-2003
    Important Notice
    1.
    Please Contact Customer Service If You Ever Have Questions
    2.
    Capability is Guaranteed if Your Vehicle is listed in the Capability Chart Above, Please carefully refer to the seat type requirement on the wheel.
    3.
    Exceptions Have Been Marked Under Part Notes, Please Carefully Check Generation Code
    4.
    Fender Gap is the most important measurement to check the
    maximum
    thickness you can use
    Notes:
    Buyer must check capability chart before buying, any vehicle that is not displayed in the capability may NOT fit.
    Please check if your rim uses proper lug nuts seat - product is only compatible with mentioned seat type required wheels
    Only guarantee compatible with Conical Seat Type Required Rim, If you have Aftermarket wheel, you may need Cone Seat Lug Bolts,
    Aftermarket wheels fitment is based on knowledge of buyer risk
    If your rim has wheel cap, this set might not be compatible with Wheel Cap
    Please have professional specialist to perform installation, adding spacers and related modification at your own risks
    Return Policy:
    Your happiness with the product is our top concern. We allow returns based on the following rules:
    Return is allowed within 30-day of Purchase Date;
    Return Product must be unused, intact, and with the original package;
    Buyer is responsible for return shipping;
    Please allow 3 business day after the delivery of your return for us to process the refund.
    Please notify customer service prior starting a return to avoid the 10% RMA Restocking Fee.
    Please use a specific return shipping address (not the ship-from address) to avoid the 30% Processing Fee.
    If you have any questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to let us know.
    Shipping:
    All shipments will be shipped via USPS Priority Mail (Same-Day);
    Order placed before 9:00 am PST will be shipped on the same day. Order placed after 9:00am will be shipped promptly the next business day.
    If you wish to cancel or modify order, please notify Customer Service before 8:00 am PST or we won't be able to change/cancel your order prior to shipping.
    We also provide local pickup service! Contact us for more information.
    Warranty:
    30-Day Return Policy;
    For Colored Lug Nuts (Any color other than Chrome), we suggest the use of manual torque for installation to avoid damage to the paint layer.
    Warranty is voided if power tool is used.
    Disclaimer:
    Professional Installation is recommended.
    Please use proper power tools and/or manual installation torque to the specification to the vehicle's recommended torque (found on vehicle's operator manual).
    Our liability is limited to the purchase price of the listed product.
    By purchasing this product, you acknowledge that you fully understand the information and terms listed above.